The dark energy by its nature is extremely diffuse. In this model there is an external symmetric energy field that is capable to exert repulsing or attracting force to hold the universe together. It is further assumed that the energy penetrates through Planck holes which satisfies the diffusion of dark energy throughout the fabric of space-time. The speculation factor in the above statement is not any greater than what string theory suggests where gravitational interaction with assumed branes out of our four dimensional space-time is suggested as the origin of dark matter.

Additional Reference

1/National Research Council, Board on Physics and astronomy, The National Academies Press, 2003

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